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The rise of consensus methods in paramedicine research: A bibliographic analysis
Rachael Vella1, Amy Hutchison2, Paul Simpson1
1School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia.
Introduction:
Consensus-based studies are increasingly common in paramedicine research. Whilst there are four main consensus methodologies, recent analyses in other disciplines describe great diversity in method characterised by frequent modifications.
Aim:
To describe the application and characteristics of consensus research methodologies in paramedicine.
Methods:
A bibliographic analysis was conducted of published research reporting use of a consensus methodology, drawing data from MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL. Two researchers performed abstract screening, full text review, and data extraction. A descriptive analysis was conducted.
Results:
There were 161 paramedicine consensus studies published between 1997 and 2024. Delphi technique was most frequent (83 %), followed by NGT (12 %). The US accounted for the most studies with 44 (26 %), followed by UK with 33 (20 %), Canada 15 (9 %), Norway 12 (7 %) and Australia 12 (7 %). Modifications were reported by authors in 54 % of studies. Of 141 Delphi studies, 31 % demonstrated the use of published reporting or methodological guidance.
Conclusion:
The prevalence of consensus research has increased considerably, dominated by Delphi methodology. Significant methodological heterogeneity was observed, and engagement with methodological and reporting guidelines appeared uncommon. There may be a need for stronger methodological guidance within the paramedicine research space to ensure quality in consensus research.
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