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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 16, 2025

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Contrasting rhizosphere nitrogen dynamics in Andropogoneae grasses.

Sheng-Kai Hsu1, Bryan D Emmett2, Alexandria Haafke2

  • 1Institute for Genomic Diversity, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA.

The Plant Journal : for Cell and Molecular Biology
|July 5, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Diverse grasses show varied nitrogen strategies, with some conserving soil nitrogen and others increasing losses. This research aids in developing more sustainable agriculture and efficient crop breeding for better nitrogen use.

Keywords:
Andropogoneaeevolutionnitrogen cyclerhizospheresustainability

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Ecology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Nitrogen (N) fertilization in agriculture disrupts ecosystems and causes pollution.
  • Understanding plant-microbe-soil interactions is key to improving N economy.
  • Crop species exhibit diverse strategies for managing soil nutrients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate phylogenetic variation in nitrogen (N) cycling strategies within Andropogoneae grasses.
  • To identify N conservationist, leacher, and nitrate keeper strategies in grass rhizospheres.
  • To link soil characteristics and transporter genes to N dynamics for agricultural improvement.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of N cycle in rhizospheres of 36 Andropogoneae grass species.
  • Controlled phenotypic evaluation of N management strategies.
  • Evolutionary-ecological analysis, including soil characteristics and transporter gene identification.

Main Results:

  • Significant phylogenetic variation in N availability and losses was observed.
  • Annual species (maize, sorghum) act as N 'Conservationists', reducing nitrification.
  • Perennial species showed varied N strategies, with some enhancing nitrification and leaching ('Leachers') or retaining nitrate ('Nitrate Keepers').

Conclusions:

  • Rhizosphere N dynamics in grasses are phylogenetically variable.
  • Specific soil characteristics and transporter genes influence N management.
  • Findings provide guidelines for breeding maize for enhanced agricultural N efficiency and sustainability.