Transverse plane kinematics between walking and running change frequently for children and young adults with idiopathic torsional issues
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Updated: Sep 16, 2025
Comparative Analysis of Lower Limb Kinematics between the Initial and Terminal Phase of 5km Treadmill Running
Published on: July 17, 2020
Mitchell Maniatopoulos1, Ted Sousa2, Mark L McMulkin2
1Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine at Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA.
Background:
Idiopathic excessive femoral or tibial torsion issues are common concerns leading to gait deviations. Instrumented gait analysis can be an important tool for determining lower limb transverse rotations when walking and running. The purpose of this study is to quantify transverse plane changes occurring in children and young adults with idiopathic excessive femoral or tibial torsional concerns when walking versus running.
Methods:
A retrospective study of children and young adults with idiopathic femoral or tibial torsional concerns was conducted on walking and running kinematics. A change in rotation of over ten degrees in the transverse plane was considered significant based on control data.
Results:
328 participants completed a gait analysis study. 145/328 (44.2 %) displayed a meaningful rotational change in gait (in at least one level of foot, hip or pelvis) when running. For foot progression and hip rotation, participants with an internal femoral or tibial concern displayed an outward change when running. Participants with external femoral or tibial concerns, had a more inward change when running. When measuring pelvic rotation, participants with a change in running showed a more pronounced external change, regardless of diagnosis.
Conclusion:
Children and young adults with idiopathic femoral or tibial torsional concerns altered their transverse plane gait angles 44 % of the time, tending to change more often in the opposite direction of their diagnosis. Due to common rotational changes, the collection of running kinematics, in addition to walking, are important for treatment decision making for idiopathic femoral or tibial torsional concerns.
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