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Updated: Sep 16, 2025

Writing Bragg Gratings in Multicore Fibers
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Realizing string-net condensation: Fibonacci anyon braiding for universal gates and sampling chromatic polynomials.

Zlatko K Minev1,2, Khadijeh Najafi1,3, Swarnadeep Majumder1

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Nature Communications
|July 5, 2025
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Researchers created Fibonacci string net condensates (Fib SNC) and their anyons using a scalable dynamical string net preparation. This breakthrough enables universal quantum computation and estimation of chromatic polynomials, addressing a classically hard problem.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Computational Complexity

Background:

  • Topologically ordered many-body quantum systems possess complexity encoded in their anyons.
  • Fibonacci string net condensates (Fib SNC) and their anyons are predicted to enable universal quantum computation and chromatic polynomial estimation.
  • Physical realization of these systems has been a significant challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a scalable method for preparing Fibonacci string net condensates and their anyons.
  • To demonstrate the creation, measurement, and braiding of Fibonacci anyons on near-term superconducting processors.
  • To establish a proof of principle for fault-tolerant quantum computation and classically hard problem-solving using Fib SNC.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a scalable dynamical string net preparation (DSNP) for constructing Fib SNC on reconfigurable graphs.
  • Implementation of composite error-mitigation techniques on deep quantum circuits.
  • Experimental creation, measurement, and braiding of Fibonacci anyons using superconducting qubits.

Main Results:

  • Successful construction and manipulation of Fibonacci anyons with high accuracy (94% for charge measurements).
  • Experimental verification of braiding operations, yielding the golden ratio (ϕ) with 98% average accuracy.
  • Demonstration of sampling Fib SNC to estimate chromatic polynomials for various graphs.

Conclusions:

  • The DSNP approach provides a viable pathway for realizing topological quantum computation.
  • This work establishes the foundation for using Fib SNC and anyons for fault-tolerant quantum computation.
  • The developed methods offer a potential solution for tackling classically hard computational problems.