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Epigenetic age acceleration and allergic diseases: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Junfang Sun1, Guozhen Fan2, Lixin Hu2

  • 1Department of Neonatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.

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|July 5, 2025
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Summary

This study found that intrinsic epigenetic age acceleration (IEAA) causally increases the risk of allergic asthma. Bidirectional analysis confirmed this link, suggesting potential new prevention strategies for this common allergic disease.

Keywords:
Allergic asthmaAllergic diseasesEpigenetic age accelerationIntrinsic epigenetic age accelerationMendelian randomization

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Area of Science:

  • Epigenetics
  • Immunology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • The epigenetic clock accurately reflects aging but its role in allergic diseases is unclear.
  • Understanding epigenetic age acceleration's link to allergies is crucial for developing new treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the causal relationship between epigenetic age acceleration and allergic diseases.
  • Utilize a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study design.

Main Methods:

  • Employed Mendelian randomization (MR) using genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data from European ancestry.
  • Utilized inverse variance weighted, weighted median, and MR-Egger methods for analysis.
  • Conducted pleiotropy analysis using MR-Egger intercept and MR-PRESSO tests.

Main Results:

  • Intrinsic epigenetic age acceleration (IEAA) showed a causal association with increased risk of allergic asthma (OR=1.051, p=0.025).
  • Reverse MR analysis confirmed a significant causal link between allergic asthma and IEAA (OR=1.410, p=0.005).
  • No significant causal relationship was found between IEAA and allergic conjunctivitis, atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, or allergic urticaria.

Conclusions:

  • Established bidirectional causal relationships between intrinsic epigenetic age acceleration and allergic asthma.
  • Findings highlight IEAA as a potential target for allergic asthma prevention strategies.