Calcium Nanoliposome Improves Glycemic Control in a Mouse Diabetes Mellitus Model

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Nanotechnology
• Endocrinology

Background:

• Intracellular calcium is vital for insulin synthesis and secretion in pancreatic beta cells.
• Diabetes mellitus disrupts calcium-mediated insulin secretion, highlighting the need for improved calcium delivery.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop and evaluate calcium lactate nanoliposomes for enhanced calcium delivery to pancreatic beta cells.
• To assess the efficacy of these nanoliposomes in improving glycemic control in diabetic models.

Main Methods:

• Calcium lactate nanoliposomes were prepared using lecithin and cholesterol via thin-film hydration.
• Glucose-lowering efficacy was tested in hyperglycemic mice models.
• Pancreatic calcium levels were quantified using X-ray fluorescence.

Main Results:

• Nanoliposomes exhibited optimal physicochemical properties (172.1 nm size, -53.45 mV zeta potential) with high entrapment efficiency (93.42%).
• Calcium nanoliposome treatment significantly reduced blood glucose levels in both diabetic and glucose-loaded mice.
• Elevated pancreatic calcium concentrations were observed in animals treated with calcium nanoliposomes.

Conclusions:

• Calcium nanoliposomes effectively reduce blood glucose levels compared to controls.
• Encapsulation enhances calcium delivery to pancreatic beta cells, boosting insulin production and release.
• These findings demonstrate the potential of calcium nanoliposomes for managing diabetes.