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Exploring Latent Prostate Cancer: A Forensic Autopsy Study in South India.

Ishvaria Sundaresan1, Nallasivam Palanisamy2, Radha Saraswathy1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.

The Prostate
|July 7, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Forensic autopsies revealed latent prostate cancer in 9% of cases, primarily in men over 60. This highlights the value of autopsies for understanding prostate cancer

Keywords:
Gleason gradeforensic autopsyhistopathologylatent prostate cancer

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic pathology
  • Uropathology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Forensic autopsies provide unbiased data on prostate cancer (PCa) natural history, especially for latent, asymptomatic cases.
  • Autopsy studies reveal clinically silent PCa, contrasting with PSA screening's overdiagnosis potential.
  • This study investigated latent PCa prevalence and characteristics in a South Indian population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence and features of latent prostate cancer (PCa) in a South Indian population.
  • To utilize forensic autopsies for unbiased PCa detection in individuals without prior diagnosis.
  • To contribute to understanding the natural history of clinically silent prostate cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective analysis of 100 whole prostatectomy specimens from forensic autopsies (August 2023-April 2024).
  • Subjects were male decedents aged 40-86 years, with various medicolegal causes of death.
  • Histopathological analysis identified latent PCa, with data on location and Gleason scores.

Main Results:

  • Latent prostate cancer (invasive adenocarcinoma) was diagnosed in 9% (9/100) of cases.
  • Detected PCa had Gleason scores of 3+3=6 or 3+4=7, predominantly in men over 60.
  • Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) was present in the remaining 91% of cases.

Conclusions:

  • Forensic autopsies are valuable for detecting undiagnosed latent prostate cancer.
  • Findings offer insights into PCa frequency and characteristics in a specific demographic context.
  • Results support age-specific screening and comprehensive autopsy evaluations for uncovering disease burdens.