Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Covalently Linked Protein Regulators02:04

Covalently Linked Protein Regulators

7.3K
Proteins can undergo many types of post-translational modifications, often in response to changes in their environment. These modifications play an important role in the function and stability of these proteins. Covalently linked molecules include functional groups, such as methyl, acetyl, and phosphate groups, and also small proteins, such as ubiquitin. There are around 200 different types of covalent regulators that have been identified.
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein....
7.3K
Protein Modifications in the RER01:26

Protein Modifications in the RER

5.6K
Modification of secretory and transmembrane proteins entering the rough ER begins in the ER lumen. These modifications aid in protein folding and stabilize the acquired tertiary structure. Protein modifications in the rough ER co-occur at different stages of protein folding.
Broadly, these modifications can be categorized into four main categories — glycosylation, formation of disulfide bonds, assembly of protein subunits, and specific proteolytic cleavages like removal of signal...
5.6K
Bacterial Protein Maturation01:26

Bacterial Protein Maturation

97
Bacterial protein maturation is a tightly regulated process that ensures newly synthesized polypeptides achieve correct functional conformations. This maturation involves a series of modifications, folding events, and quality control steps, often assisted by specialized chaperone proteins.N-Terminal ModificationsThe maturation of bacterial polypeptides begins cotranslationally as the polypeptide exits the ribosome. The first amino acid, N-formylmethionine (fMet), is typically modified at the...
97
Regulated Protein Degradation02:58

Regulated Protein Degradation

7.7K
It is vital to regulate the activity of enzymatic as well as non-enzymatic proteins inside the cell. This can be achieved either through creating a balance between their rate of synthesis and degradation or regulating the intrinsic activity of the protein. Both these regulation mechanisms play an essential role in the normal functioning of cells.
Protein degradation plays two important roles in the cells. It helps to protect cells from misfolded or damaged proteins before they lead to a...
7.7K
Protein Glycosylation01:25

Protein Glycosylation

7.3K
Glycosylation, the most common post-translational modification for proteins, serves diverse functions. Adding sugars to proteins makes the proteins more resistant to proteolytic digestion. Glycosylated proteins can act as markers and receptors to promote cell-cell adhesion. Additionally, they have many essential quality control functions in the cell, such as correct protein folding and facilitating transport of misfolded proteins to the cytosol, which can be degraded.
Glycosylation occurs in...
7.3K
Conservation of Protein Domains Over Different Proteins02:26

Conservation of Protein Domains Over Different Proteins

11.4K
Protein domains are small structurally independent units that are part of a single amino acid chain.  Although these domains are often structurally independent, they may rely on synergistic effects to perform their functions as part of a larger protein. Protein domains may be conserved within the same organism, as well as across different organisms.
A limited set of protein domains often duplicate and recombine during evolution. These domains can be organized in different combinations to...
11.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Intrinsically disordered protein condensate-based coating on ureteral stents for anti-fouling and anti-encrustation.

Acta biomaterialia·2026
Same author

Recent advances in site-specific modifications of peptides and proteins.

Chemical science·2026
Same author

Chemical Strategy and AI-Enabled Peptide Vaccine Development.

JACS Au·2026
Same author

LINC02878/ZNF282/PYCR2 axis promotes proline synthesis and tumor progression in colorectal cancer.

Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS·2025
Same author

Rationally designed anti-autophagy nanosystems for reversing the immunosuppressive network in the tumor environment.

Nanomedicine (London, England)·2025
Same author

Peptide-Based Strategies in PLGA-Enhanced Tumor Therapy.

Journal of peptide science : an official publication of the European Peptide Society·2025
Same journal

An intrinsically stretchable nanowire-based sensing patch for wearable analysis of sweat chloride ion composition.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2026
Same journal

A sterically rigid-flexible balanced NHC-Pd precatalyst for room-temperature solvent-free C-N coupling of benzocyclic amines.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2026
Same journal

Portable fluorescent conjugated microporous polymer sensor coupled with a smartphone for on-site Fe<sup>3+</sup> detection in water.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2026
Same journal

Accelerated discovery of NO<sub>3</sub>RR single-atom catalysts <i>via</i> high-throughput DFT and machine learning.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2026
Same journal

Wafer-scale robust graphene electronics under industrial processing conditions.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2026
Same journal

Subnanoscale IrW oxide anodes: breaking immiscibility for high activity and durability in water electrolysis.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 16, 2025

Utilizing a Comprehensive Immunoprecipitation Enrichment System to Identify an Endogenous Post-translational Modification Profile for Target Proteins
08:12

Utilizing a Comprehensive Immunoprecipitation Enrichment System to Identify an Endogenous Post-translational Modification Profile for Target Proteins

Published on: January 8, 2018

11.5K

Recent developments in late-stage protein modification.

Geng-Hui Feng1, Tian-Yang Wang1, Yan-Mei Li1,2,3

  • 1Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China. liym@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)
|July 7, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Late-stage protein modification techniques enhance protein function for research and drug development. Recent advancements offer versatile new methods for protein engineering.

More Related Videos

Isolation of Intermediate Filament Proteins from Multiple Mouse Tissues to Study Aging-associated Post-translational Modifications
09:29

Isolation of Intermediate Filament Proteins from Multiple Mouse Tissues to Study Aging-associated Post-translational Modifications

Published on: May 18, 2017

8.6K
Simultaneous Affinity Enrichment of Two Post-Translational Modifications for Quantification and Site Localization
12:11

Simultaneous Affinity Enrichment of Two Post-Translational Modifications for Quantification and Site Localization

Published on: February 27, 2020

7.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 16, 2025

Utilizing a Comprehensive Immunoprecipitation Enrichment System to Identify an Endogenous Post-translational Modification Profile for Target Proteins
08:12

Utilizing a Comprehensive Immunoprecipitation Enrichment System to Identify an Endogenous Post-translational Modification Profile for Target Proteins

Published on: January 8, 2018

11.5K
Isolation of Intermediate Filament Proteins from Multiple Mouse Tissues to Study Aging-associated Post-translational Modifications
09:29

Isolation of Intermediate Filament Proteins from Multiple Mouse Tissues to Study Aging-associated Post-translational Modifications

Published on: May 18, 2017

8.6K
Simultaneous Affinity Enrichment of Two Post-Translational Modifications for Quantification and Site Localization
12:11

Simultaneous Affinity Enrichment of Two Post-Translational Modifications for Quantification and Site Localization

Published on: February 27, 2020

7.0K

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Chemical Biology
  • Protein Engineering

Background:

  • Late-stage protein modification is crucial for advancing protein functionality.
  • Diverse modification methods have been developed based on chemical reactivity.
  • Protein engineering benefits significantly from versatile modification techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in late-stage protein modification methodologies.
  • To highlight the creation of a wide array of modified proteins.
  • To discuss how these methods address key challenges in protein engineering.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent literature on late-stage protein modification.
  • Analysis of different modification strategies based on chemical group reactivity.
  • Focus on methodologies enabling diverse protein modifications.

Main Results:

  • Significant progress has been made in developing novel late-stage protein modification strategies.
  • A wide array of modified proteins can now be created using these advanced methods.
  • These techniques enhance the versatility and applicability of protein modification.

Conclusions:

  • Late-stage protein modification is a transformative approach in biological research and drug development.
  • Recent advancements have overcome key challenges, expanding the scope of protein engineering.
  • The development of versatile modification methods continues to drive innovation in protein science.