Efficacy of Simulation-Based Learning for Direct and Indirect Ophthalmoscopy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Medical Education
• Simulation Technology

Background:

• Direct and indirect ophthalmoscopy are crucial diagnostic skills in ophthalmology.
• Traditional training methods may have limitations in providing consistent and safe practice opportunities.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review and meta-analyze the efficacy of simulation-based training for ophthalmoscopy.
• To assess the impact of simulation on fundus identification, knowledge, and technical skills.

Main Methods:

• Systematic review and meta-analysis of 11 studies.
• Inclusion of 772 participants from identified studies.
• Evaluation of primary outcome: successful fundus identification rate.

Main Results:

• Simulation training significantly improved fundus identification success (63.1% accuracy).
• High favorability rate for simulation (75.6% preference over traditional methods).
• Participants showed improved posttest knowledge, technical skills, confidence, and perceived ease of learning.

Conclusions:

• Simulation-based training is effective for enhancing ophthalmoscopy examination skills in simulated environments.
• Findings support the integration of simulation into ophthalmology curricula.
• Caution advised in interpreting fundus identification outcomes due to study limitations.