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Does work-family conflict predict allostatic load? A 4-year longitudinal study.

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Work-to-family conflict (WFC) significantly increases allostatic load (AL), a biological marker of stress, over four years. Addressing WFC is crucial for mitigating cardiovascular disease risk associated with occupational stress.

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health
  • Psychosocial Epidemiology
  • Biomedical Science

Background:

  • Occupational psychosocial factors are linked to increased cardiovascular disease risk.
  • Allostatic load (AL) serves as a key biological pathway mediating stress-induced diseases.
  • Understanding the impact of work-life conflict on AL is essential for public health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the longitudinal association between work-to-family conflict (WFC) and family-to-work conflict (FWC) and changes in the allostatic load index (ALI).
  • To examine the relationship between baseline WFC and FWC and ALI changes over a four-year period.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Midlife in Japan survey and associated biomarker projects (Waves I and II).
  • Included 152 employed participants with baseline and follow-up data for ALI and conflict variables.
  • Employed two approaches ('Two ALI' and 'One ALI') to assess four-year ALI changes, analyzed using negative binomial regression and generalized estimating equations.

Main Results:

  • Work-to-family conflict (WFC) at baseline was significantly associated with increased ALI over four years using both analytical approaches.
  • Family-to-work conflict (FWC) did not show a statistically significant association with ALI changes.
  • Results were reported as count ratios (CRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Conclusions:

  • Work-to-family conflict (WFC) demonstrates a significant longitudinal association with increased allostatic load index (ALI).
  • Findings underscore the importance of interventions aimed at reducing the adverse health impacts of WFC.
  • Mitigating WFC is crucial for preventing stress-related health issues, particularly cardiovascular disease.