Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response01:23

Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response

4.5K
The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
4.5K
Introduction to Innate and Adaptive Immunity01:21

Introduction to Innate and Adaptive Immunity

5.3K
The human immune system is a complex defense mechanism that protects the body from harmful pathogens and foreign substances. It comprises two crucial components: innate and adaptive immunity.
Innate immunity is the body's natural, nonspecific defense system that acts quickly to protect against pathogens. It incorporates physical barriers like skin and mucous membranes and cellular elements such as phagocytes and natural killer cells. This part of our immune system provides an immediate,...
5.3K
Development of Immunocompetence01:22

Development of Immunocompetence

453
The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...
453
Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

73.5K
Overview
73.5K
B Cell Activation and Differentiation01:24

B Cell Activation and Differentiation

6.5K
The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
6.5K
Special Features of Adaptive Immunity01:20

Special Features of Adaptive Immunity

1.1K
The adaptive immune system, a crucial component of the overall immune response, offers a highly specialized defense against pathogens. It involves specific cell types and features, enabling it to combat infections effectively and efficiently.
The primary cell types involved in adaptive immunity are T cells and B cells. Each type has a unique role in defending the body against pathogens. T cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunity. They identify and eliminate infected cells directly,...
1.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Delving into the innate and adaptive immunity of camelids: a paradigm of interspecies adaptation and evolutionary innovation.

Frontiers in immunology·2026
Same author

Mechanisms and impact of long COVID: pathophysiology, neuropsychiatric effects and vaccination.

Frontiers in immunology·2026
Same author

Cerebral arterial mapping in the equine brain: a detailed anatomical study.

Frontiers in veterinary science·2026
Same author

Comprehensive Analysis of Genomic and Phenomic Data Reveals Context-Dependent Function of A20 (<i>TNFAIP3</i>) in Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Cancers·2026
Same author

Modulation of the immunogenic landscape in colorectal cancer by mitochondrial methylation-controlled J protein.

Molecular biomedicine·2026
Same author

Editorial: Innovative insights into pattern recognition and signaling in innate immunity.

Frontiers in immunology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 16, 2025

Isolation and Ex Vivo Culture of V&#948;1+CD4+&#947;&#948; T Cells, an Extrathymic &#945;&#946;T-cell Progenitor
10:33

Isolation and Ex Vivo Culture of Vδ1+CD4+γδ T Cells, an Extrathymic αβT-cell Progenitor

Published on: December 7, 2015

9.4K

Primordial Cells Bridging the Gap Between Innate and Adaptive Immunity.

Pretty Ponnachan1, Ahmad Al Aiyan1, Basel Al-Ramadi2,3,4

  • 1Department of Veterinary Medicine (CAVM), United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|July 7, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Unconventional lymphocytes bridge innate and adaptive immunity, acting as key sensors. These diverse cells, including NK and MAIT cells, mount crucial immune responses during stress.

More Related Videos

Characterization of Thymic Settling Progenitors in the Mouse Embryo Using In Vivo and In Vitro Assays
08:56

Characterization of Thymic Settling Progenitors in the Mouse Embryo Using In Vivo and In Vitro Assays

Published on: June 9, 2015

8.4K
Generation of Human Alloantigen-specific T Cells from Peripheral Blood
09:47

Generation of Human Alloantigen-specific T Cells from Peripheral Blood

Published on: November 21, 2014

13.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 16, 2025

Isolation and Ex Vivo Culture of V&#948;1+CD4+&#947;&#948; T Cells, an Extrathymic &#945;&#946;T-cell Progenitor
10:33

Isolation and Ex Vivo Culture of Vδ1+CD4+γδ T Cells, an Extrathymic αβT-cell Progenitor

Published on: December 7, 2015

9.4K
Characterization of Thymic Settling Progenitors in the Mouse Embryo Using In Vivo and In Vitro Assays
08:56

Characterization of Thymic Settling Progenitors in the Mouse Embryo Using In Vivo and In Vitro Assays

Published on: June 9, 2015

8.4K
Generation of Human Alloantigen-specific T Cells from Peripheral Blood
09:47

Generation of Human Alloantigen-specific T Cells from Peripheral Blood

Published on: November 21, 2014

13.2K

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Innate and Adaptive Immunity

Background:

  • Innate immunity relies on germline-encoded receptors for rapid responses to non-self.
  • Lymphocytes are crucial for adaptive immunity, providing specificity and memory.
  • Unconventional lymphocytes exhibit characteristics of both innate and adaptive immune cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the role of specialized lymphocytes acting as key immune sensors.
  • To describe the immune response of unconventional lymphocytes under various stress conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Review and summarization of existing literature on unconventional lymphocytes.
  • Classification of lymphocytes based on their immune characteristics and receptor expression.

Main Results:

  • Unconventional lymphocytes include NK cells, γδT cells, NKT cells, MAIT cells, IELs, B1 cells, and marginal zone B cells.
  • These cells possess innate immune features while also expressing antigen-specific T or B cell receptors.
  • They play a critical role in immune surveillance and response modulation.

Conclusions:

  • Unconventional lymphocytes represent a diverse group bridging innate and adaptive immunity.
  • Their unique properties enable them to act as vital sensors and effectors in immune responses, particularly under stress.