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Long-Term Outcomes of COVID-19 in Patients Receiving Maintenance Dialysis: A Propensity Score Matched
Kevin Yau1,2, Sarah E Bota3,4, Eric McArthur3,4
1Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Kidney360
|July 7, 2025
Insights
COVID-19 survivors on maintenance dialysis did not face increased long-term mortality or hospitalization risks. However, subsequent COVID-19 infections significantly raised mortality rates in this vulnerable patient group.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Infectious Diseases
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Long-term effects of COVID-19 on maintenance dialysis patients are a significant concern.
- This study investigates the long-term morbidity and mortality associated with COVID-19 in this population.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the long-term health outcomes of maintenance dialysis patients who had COVID-19 with those who did not.
- To assess risks of mortality, cardiovascular events, hospitalizations, and long-term care admissions.
Main Methods:
- A population-based cohort study in Ontario, Canada, included 3,340 maintenance dialysis patients (668 COVID-19, 2,672 controls).
- Propensity score matching was used to control for confounding factors.
- Follow-up extended until March 31, 2023, with primary outcome of all-cause mortality.
Main Results:
- Long-term all-cause mortality rates did not differ between COVID-19 survivors and uninfected controls (HR 0.86).
- No significant differences were found in composite cardiovascular outcomes, all-cause hospitalizations, or long-term care admissions.
- Prior COVID-19 infection reduced the risk of subsequent infection (HR 0.75), but subsequent infections increased mortality (HR 1.68).
Conclusions:
- Maintenance dialysis patients surviving initial COVID-19 infection show no increased long-term risk of death or major adverse events.
- Subsequent COVID-19 infections pose a significant mortality risk for dialysis patients.
- These findings highlight the importance of preventing reinfection in this population.
Abstract
No abstract available in PubMed .
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