Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 16, 2025

Synthesis of pH Dependent Pyrazole, Imidazole, and Isoindolone Dipyrrinone Fluorophores using a Claisen-Schmidt Condensation Approach
Published on: June 10, 2021
Chalcogen-Influenced Benzochalcogenazolo-Based N,O-Coordinated Difluoroboron Complexes: From Lasing Dyes to
Stepan Kutsiy1,2, Radosław Pytlarz1, Andrii Hotynchan3
1Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.
Abstract:
Four N,O-coordinated benzochalcogenazolo-based boron difluoride complexes were designed, synthesized, and spectroscopically investigated in solutions, crystalline state, and dye-doped poly(methyl methacrylate) films. The single crystal analysis revealed that oxadiazaborinine dyes adopt planar geometry with multiple intermolecular hydrogen-bonding interactions. The benzoxazole- and benzothiazole-containing dyes exhibit highly intensive photoluminescence in the crystalline state and when dispersed in the inert polymer, accompanied by high-rate constants of radiative deactivation (2.2 × 108 s-1 and 2.7 × 108 s-1, respectively). This results in their amplified spontaneous emission ability with very low thresholds of 11 and 4.7 μJ/cm2, respectively, and very narrow bandwidths with the values of full widths at half maxima of 10 and 6.3 nm. In stark contrast, the benzotellurium-containing analogue shows room temperature phosphorescence with a short phosphorescence lifetime of 9.4 μs, caused by the strong chalcogen heavy-atom effect.
Related Concept Videos
Variables Affecting Phosphorescence and Fluorescence
Photoluminescence: Applications
Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Fluorination and Iodination of Benzene
Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Chlorination and Bromination of Benzene
Colors and Magnetism
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human...
Fluorescence and Phosphorescence: Instrumentation

