Static short-range laser circumferential detection using a transmissive-reflective optical architecture

To address the problem of short-range laser circumferential detection, this paper proposes a static detection method based on a transmissive-reflective combined optical system, Building upon previous research on dynamic circumferential scanning mechanisms. In the transmissive-reflective optical system, the principle of equal energy distribution is applied to transform an incident Gaussian beam into a uniform-intensity conical detection beam capable of circumferential coverage. Drawing upon near-field laser detection theory and the geometric characteristics of the static detection field, the echo equation for single-pulse detection is derived, and a corresponding echo power distribution model is developed. Simulation results reveal that the annular light radius and beam Tilt angle vary systematically with changes in the cone angle and mirror displacement, while the echo amplitude increases with higher emission power, larger cone angles, greater displacements, and larger target areas. Furthermore, the reshaped flat-top beam achieves an energy RMS error of 3.2%, a peak intensity deviation within ± 4.5% of the mean, and a spot diameter variation of less than 2%, demonstrating excellent energy uniformity and Spatial stability. The proposed short-range laser circumferential detection method expands the detection range, enhances accuracy and energy uniformity, and achieves low-power static omnidirectional detection, offering a novel and efficient solution for target circumferential sensing.