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Microbial Biosensors01:17

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Microbial biosensors are analytical devices that utilize living microbes to detect specific substances through measurable signals. These devices consist of two main components: biosensing organisms and signal-transducing elements. Biosensing organisms, such as Escherichia coli or Saccharomyces cerevisiae, are typically housed in multiwell plates connected to transducers, enabling rapid, real-time detection of target analytes.Signal Generation MechanismWhen a target analyte—such as...

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Fluorescent Nanoparticles for the Measurement of Ion Concentration in Biological Systems
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Advances in microneedle-based transdermal fluorescent sensors.

Saijin Huang1, Wenxing Gao1, Li Shang1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China. li.shang@nwpu.edu.cn.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)
|July 8, 2025
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Summary

Microneedles (MNs) integrated with fluorescent probes offer sensitive, high-resolution transdermal biomarker detection. This review covers MN sensor types and sensing strategies for detecting various biomarkers, highlighting future diagnostic potential.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Microneedles (MNs) provide minimally invasive access to interstitial fluid.
  • Fluorescent probes integrated with MNs enable sensitive transdermal biomarker detection.
  • MN-based sensors offer high sensitivity and spatial resolution for diagnostics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To classify MN-based transdermal fluorescent sensors.
  • To review sensing strategies for biomarker detection using MNs.
  • To discuss recent progress and future directions in MN-based biosensing.

Main Methods:

  • Classification of MN sensors into porous, dissolving, and non-dissolving types.
  • Categorization of sensing strategies into probe-loaded, probe-fixed, and probe-released.
  • Review of recent advancements in detecting nucleic acids, metal ions, proteins, and metabolites.

Main Results:

  • MN-based fluorescent sensors demonstrate excellent analytical performance.
  • Visual signal output facilitates multiplexed detection and responsive biosensing.
  • Progress has been made in detecting a wide range of biomarkers.

Conclusions:

  • MN-based fluorescent sensors hold significant potential for next-generation diagnostics.
  • Challenges include signal stability, fabrication scalability, and continuous monitoring.
  • Future research should focus on overcoming these challenges for broader biomedical applications.