A Case of Coronary Artery Rupture Caused by Negative Vessel Remodeling

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Interventional Cardiology
• Vascular Biology

Background:

• Coronary artery rupture is a rare but life-threatening complication during percutaneous coronary interventions.
• It is infrequently reported, often appearing as isolated case studies.
• Understanding the underlying mechanisms and predisposing factors is critical for prevention and management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report a case of coronary artery rupture during a cardiac procedure.
• To investigate potential contributing factors, including vessel remodeling, in the occurrence of coronary artery rupture.
• To underscore the importance of timely diagnosis and intervention for this rare complication.

Main Methods:

• Case report of a 63-year-old male patient with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease.
• Diagnostic procedures included echocardiography, myocardial damage indicators, electrocardiograms, coronary angiography (CAG), and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS).
• Surgical intervention was performed due to detected lesions in two coronary vessels.

Main Results:

• The patient presented with symptoms consistent with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease but without acute myocardial infarction.
• Coronary angiography revealed lesions requiring intervention.
• Coronary artery rupture occurred during the procedure, with IVUS confirming negative vessel remodeling in the affected arteries.

Conclusions:

• Coronary artery rupture is an uncommon event in interventional cardiology, often documented in case reports.
• Negative vessel remodeling identified by IVUS may be associated with coronary artery rupture.
• Further research is needed to establish clear management guidelines due to the rarity and severity of this complication.