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Cavernous Sinus Endodermal Cyst: A Report of a Rare Case.
Shintaro Arai1, Tohru Mizutani2, Katusyoshi Shimizu1
1Department of Neurosurgery, Showa Medical University School of Medicine, Tokyo, JPN.
Cureus
|July 8, 2025
Summary
Extremely rare endodermal cysts can occur in the cavernous sinus. This case highlights the importance of considering these cysts in the differential diagnosis of cavernous sinus tumors.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Neurosurgery
- Pathology
Background:
- Endodermal cysts within the cavernous sinus are exceptionally rare pathologies.
- Cavernous sinus tumors often present with neurological symptoms affecting cranial nerves.
Observation:
- A 36-year-old male presented with trigeminal nerve pain affecting the ophthalmic (V1) and maxillary (V2) divisions.
- Preoperative imaging suggested a cystic trigeminal schwannoma.
- Surgical resection was performed using an extradural middle fossa transcavernous approach.
Findings:
- Histological examination confirmed the lesion as an endodermal cyst, not a schwannoma.
- This represents a rare case of an endodermal cyst in the cavernous sinus.
Implications:
- Endodermal cysts must be included in the differential diagnosis for lesions within the cavernous sinus.
- Accurate preoperative diagnosis is crucial for appropriate surgical planning and management of cavernous sinus pathologies.
