The relationship between radiomic features in CT images and the salivary gland SPECT/CT standardised uptake value...

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between radiomic features extracted from computed tomography (CT) images and the mean standardised uptake value (SUV_mean) obtained from salivary gland single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT/CT), focusing on differences between Sjögren's syndrome and submandibular sialolithiasis.

Thirteen patients (7 with Sjögren's syndrome and 6 with submandibular sialolithiasis) underwent CT and SPECT/CT imaging. SUV_mean was calculated pre- and post-stimulation using technetium-99 m. Radiomic features were extracted from CT images using PyRadiomics, excluding shape-related features due to the impact of metal artifacts. Spearman's correlation coefficients were used to evaluate the relationship between pre/poststimulation SUV_mean ratios and radiomic features. Regression models were created for features strongly correlated with SUV_mean ratios.

The median pre/post SUV_mean ratios were 1.30 (1.02-1.57) for Sjögren's syndrome and 2.35 (2.23-3.01) for sialolithiasis. In Sjögren's syndrome, 4 radiomic features correlated strongly with the SUV_mean ratio: busyness (r = 0.78, p < 0.01), energy (r = 0.70, p < 0.01), total energy (r = 0.66, p = 0.01), and high grey level emphasis (r = -0.60, p = 0.02). No significant correlations were observed in sialolithiasis.

Specific radiomic features in CT images showed strong correlations with SUV ratios in Sjögren's syndrome but not in sialolithiasis. These findings suggest the potential utility of CT radiomics in evaluating salivary gland function, particularly in Sjögren's syndrome, providing insights into functional assessments without SPECT/CT.