Impact of Symptoms of Late-Onset Hypogonadism as a Potential Driver of Presenteeism

Presenteeism, defined as attending work despite physical or mental health issues that impair full productivity, is a prevalent concern with significant implications for workplace efficiency and employee well-being. Testosterone, the primary male sex hormone, plays a vital role in sustaining physical energy, cognitive function, and emotional stability-key factors for optimal work performance. This study explores the association between late-onset hypogonadism (LOH) and presenteeism, emphasizing how LOH-related symptoms such as fatigue, reduced libido, erectile dysfunction, and mood disturbances may contribute to reduced workplace productivity. Data from 96 male patients aged 27 to 76 years, who sought treatment at a university hospital for LOH-related symptoms, were analyzed using blood tests and validated questionnaires, including the Aging Males' Symptoms (AMS) scale, Work Functioning Impairment Scale (WFun), and Sexual Health Inventory for Men. Significant correlations were observed between AMS scores and both work functioning impairment and erectile dysfunction, indicating a strong link between LOH symptoms and presenteeism. In addition, symptoms such as fatigue, diminished motivation, and poor sleep quality were identified as exacerbating factors for work-related impairments. The greatest strength of this study lies in its focus on clinically diagnosed LOH patients, a factor that significantly distinguishes it from prior research on presenteeism in general working populations. This study underscores the potential benefits of testosterone replacement therapy, lifestyle modifications, and workplace wellness programs in addressing presenteeism among employees with LOH. Further research is necessary to assess the efficacy of these interventions in mitigating presenteeism and improving employee well-being.