Structural Biosignatures-A Category of Potential Biosignatures in the Life Detection Knowledge Base

Area of Science:

• Astrobiology
• Planetary Science
• Geology

Background:

• The Life Detection Knowledge Base (LDKB) is a tool for mission planners.
• Biosignatures are key indicators of extraterrestrial life.
• Structural biosignatures, focusing on physical attributes and spatial relationships, are a critical area of study.

Purpose of the Study:

• To detail the development of the Structure category within the LDKB.
• To identify high-priority structural biosignature themes for content development.
• To highlight environmental considerations and knowledge gaps in identifying structural biosignatures.

Main Methods:

• Content Development Group (CDG) phase for LDKB population.
• Selection of six high-priority biosignature themes: crystal habits, microtunnels, Mesa Depression Relief structures, laminations, spheroids, and filaments.
• Analysis of environmental factors and technological needs for remote and in situ detection.

Main Results:

• Six key structural biosignature themes were prioritized.
• Environmental context is crucial for remote identification of structural biosignatures.
• Knowledge and technology gaps were identified in structural biosignature research and detection.

Conclusions:

• The LDKB Structure category was enhanced with new functionalities, including linking evidence and image inclusion.
• These improvements bolster the LDKB's utility as a repository for biosignature data.
• Further research is needed to address identified gaps in understanding and detecting structural biosignatures.