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Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...
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Coffee and cardiovascular disease.

Thomas A Dewland1, Rob M van Dam2, Gregory M Marcus1

  • 1Section of Electrophysiology, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Ave, M-1180B, Box 0124, San Francisco, CA 94143-0124, USA.

European Heart Journal
|July 8, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Moderate coffee consumption is linked to reduced risks of major cardiovascular diseases and mortality. However, unfiltered coffee may negatively impact LDL cholesterol, and caffeine can acutely increase heart arrhythmias.

Keywords:
ArrhythmiaCaffeineCardiovascular diseaseCoffeeDiabetesHeart failureHypertensionStroke

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Science
  • Nutritional Epidemiology

Background:

  • Coffee is a globally consumed beverage with complex physiological effects.
  • Conventional wisdom often links coffee to cardiovascular disease, but recent research suggests otherwise.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the association between coffee consumption and various health outcomes, particularly cardiovascular health.
  • To synthesize current scientific understanding of coffee's impact on health.

Main Methods:

  • Review of longitudinal studies and randomized controlled trials on coffee consumption and health.
  • Analysis of data considering individual genetic predispositions and consumption patterns.

Main Results:

  • Moderate coffee intake is associated with decreased risk of hypertension, type 2 diabetes, myocardial infarction, arrhythmias, heart failure, and all-cause mortality.
  • Unfiltered coffee may adversely affect LDL cholesterol levels.
  • Acute coffee consumption can increase premature ventricular contractions, independent of caffeine in some cases.

Conclusions:

  • The overall evidence suggests beneficial cardiovascular effects from moderate coffee consumption, often independent of caffeine.
  • Patient education on coffee's nuanced health effects is crucial for public health, especially given rising cardiovascular disease prevalence.