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Related Concept Videos

Blood Transfusion and Agglutination02:45

Blood Transfusion and Agglutination

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Blood transfusion is a therapeutic measure to restore the blood volume after extensive blood loss due to an accident or a medical procedure. Blood transfusion involves drawing a certain amount of blood from a suitable donor and infusing it into the recipient.
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Blood transfusion is a critical medical procedure that saves lives and treats various medical conditions. It involves transferring blood from a donor to a recipient. This process requires a thorough understanding of the ABO blood group system and its associated antigens and antibodies.
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The ABO blood group system is a critical element of transfusion medicine, essential for determining blood compatibility in transfusions and organ transplants. It is based on specific antigens, or agglutinogens, present on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs) and corresponding antibodies, or agglutinins, in the blood plasma.
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Language-Based Inequities in Transfusion Practices with Obstetric Hemorrhage.

Alexa Cohen1, Samantha Goulding2, Carly Pickett2

  • 1Division of Fetal Medicine and Ultrasound, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Women's Health, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, USA. alcohen212@gmail.com.

Maternal and Child Health Journal
|July 8, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Patients with a non-English primary language experiencing postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) received fewer blood transfusions, despite similar blood loss. This suggests potential inequities in PPH care related to language barriers.

Keywords:
DisparitiesEnglish-speakingHealth inequitiesLanguageMaternal morbidityPostpartum hemorrhageTransfusion

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Maternal Health
  • Health Services Research

Background:

  • Existing research highlights racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic disparities in postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) outcomes.
  • The impact of language barriers on maternal outcomes in PPH remains understudied.
  • Investigating language-based inequities is crucial for addressing disparities in maternal care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine language-based disparities in maternal outcomes among individuals experiencing PPH.
  • To compare transfusion rates and other severe outcomes between English primary language (EPL) and non-English primary language (NEPL) patients with PPH.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of PPH patients at an urban academic institution (January 2020 - December 2022).
  • Maternal language categorized as English primary language (EPL) or non-English primary language (NEPL).
  • Multivariable logistic regression used to analyze the association between primary language and outcomes, adjusting for covariates.

Main Results:

  • 1723 PPH patients included: 76.3% EPL, 23.7% NEPL.
  • Similar quantitative blood loss (QBL) between EPL and NEPL groups.
  • NEPL patients had significantly lower rates of packed red blood cell (pRBC) transfusion (22.9% vs. 28.2%, p=0.039).
  • Adjusted analysis showed NEPL patients were less likely to receive transfusions (aOR 0.7, p=0.04).
  • Rates of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), ICU admission, and massive transfusion (4+ units pRBC) were similar between groups.

Conclusions:

  • Patients with a non-English primary language experiencing PPH received fewer blood transfusions compared to English-speaking patients, despite similar blood loss.
  • Language barriers may impede access to necessary interventions like blood transfusions for PPH.
  • Further research into health literacy and language proficiency is needed to understand and address these transfusion disparities.