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Improving the Readability of Institutional Heart Failure-Related Patient Education Materials Using GPT-4:
Ryan C King1, Jamil S Samaan2, Joseph Haquang1
1Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, 101 The City Dr S, Orange, CA, 92868, United States, 1 714-456-7890.
JMIR Cardio
|July 8, 2025
Summary
Large language models like GPT-4 can simplify heart failure patient education materials, improving readability and comprehension for better self-management. This AI tool enhances educational content accuracy and comprehensiveness for heart failure patients.
Area of Science:
- Medical Informatics
- Health Literacy
- Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
Background:
- Heart failure management requires patient adherence to lifestyle changes, emphasizing the need for clear Patient Education Materials (PEMs).
- Existing cardiovascular PEMs often present information at a reading level exceeding recommended standards, hindering patient understanding.
- Large Language Models (LLMs) show potential for enhancing the accessibility of health information.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the readability of heart failure PEMs from leading cardiology institutions.
- To assess GPT-4's capability in improving PEM readability while maintaining accuracy and comprehensiveness.
Main Methods:
- Collected 143 heart failure PEMs from top US cardiology institutions.
- Utilized GPT-4 to simplify PEMs using a standardized prompt.
- Assessed readability using multiple metrics (Flesch Reading Ease, FKGL, etc.).
- Evaluated revised PEMs for accuracy and comprehensiveness by a cardiologist.
Main Results:
- GPT-4 significantly reduced the median Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level from 10.3 to 7.3 (p<.001).
- The proportion of PEMs below a sixth-grade reading level increased from 9.1% to 23.1% after GPT-4 revision (p<.001).
- No reduction in accuracy or comprehensiveness was observed; 23.1% of revised PEMs were deemed more comprehensive.
Conclusions:
- GPT-4 effectively enhances the readability of heart failure PEMs.
- LLMs may serve as valuable tools to supplement healthcare professional guidance for heart failure patients.
- Further research is essential to validate the safety, efficacy, and impact of AI in improving patient health literacy.
Keywords:
ChatGPTGPT-4artificial intelligencehealth literacyheart failurelarge language modelspatient educationreadabilityMore Related Videos
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