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Formation of Muscle Fibers from Myoblasts

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In Vivo Imaging of Muscle-tendon Morphogenesis in Drosophila Pupae
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From Development to Regeneration: Insights into Flight Muscle Adaptations from Bat Muscle Cell Lines.

Fengyan Deng, Valentina Peña, Pedro Morales-Sosa

    Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology
    |July 9, 2025
    PubMed
    Summary

    Researchers developed the first bat myoblast cell lines to study muscle regeneration and metabolic resilience in flight muscles. These cells support research into the unique physiology of bat skeletal muscle.

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    Area of Science:

    • Comparative Physiology
    • Muscle Biology
    • Evolutionary Biology

    Background:

    • Skeletal muscle regeneration is crucial for growth, repair, and maintenance, driven by muscle stem cells and myoblasts.
    • Bat flight muscles face extreme mechanical and metabolic stress, requiring specialized physiological mechanisms for sustained performance.
    • The cellular and molecular underpinnings of bat muscle physiology are not well understood.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To establish the first in vitro platform for investigating bat muscle physiology, focusing on regeneration and metabolic resilience.
    • To enable mechanistic studies of muscle traits in bats, particularly those related to flight and extreme stress tolerance.

    Main Methods:

    • Generation of stable myoblast cell lines from the pectoralis muscle of *Pteronotus mesoamericanus* using spontaneous immortalization and hTERT/CDK4 overexpression.
    • Assessment of cell line characteristics, including proliferative capacity, differentiation into contractile myotubes, and spontaneous contractions.
    • Transcriptomic and metabolic profiling of native pectoralis tissue to identify molecular programs supporting muscle specialization.

    Main Results:

    • Two stable bat myoblast cell lines were successfully established, retaining key muscle cell functions and exhibiting spontaneous contractions.
    • Transcriptomic analysis revealed enriched pathways for muscle metabolism, development, and regeneration in bat flight muscle.
    • Metabolic profiling indicated a triglyceride-rich flight muscle, crucial for fueling high-energy demands, with identified modules for glucose, lipid, and nutrient signaling.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed bat myoblast cell lines provide a novel in vitro platform for studying muscle regeneration and function.
    • The findings highlight the metabolic specialization of bat flight muscles, emphasizing lipid utilization and metabolic flexibility.
    • This research lays the groundwork for future investigations into bat muscle evolutionary physiology, regeneration, and metabolic resilience.