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Multi-epitope vaccines: charting a new frontier in monkeypox prevention and control
Pooja Tiwary1, Krishil Oswal1, Ryan Varghese2
1Department of Pharmacy Practice, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to Be) University, Pune, 411038, India.
Human Cell
|July 9, 2025
Summary
Multi-epitope vaccines show promise for combating monkeypox (MPXV) outbreaks. These advanced vaccines offer a stable, cost-effective, and safer approach to generating robust immune responses against MPXV strains.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Immunology
- Vaccine Development
Background:
- Monkeypox virus (MPXV) poses a significant global health threat, with a recent worldwide outbreak impacting 128 countries.
- Current strategies, including the MVA-BN vaccine, face challenges due to MPXV mutations and the lack of FDA-approved antiviral treatments.
- Conventional vaccine development is costly, time-consuming, and may offer suboptimal efficacy against evolving viral strains.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the potential of multi-epitope vaccines as a novel strategy against Monkeypox virus (MPXV).
- To highlight the advantages of multi-epitope vaccines, including rapid production, enhanced safety, and broad immune activation.
- To review immunoinformatics studies supporting the efficacy of multi-epitope vaccines for MPXV.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on Monkeypox virus (MPXV) outbreaks and vaccine development.
- Analysis of immunoinformatics approaches for designing multi-epitope vaccines.
- Evaluation of the potential B-cell and T-cell responses elicited by multi-epitope vaccine candidates.
Main Results:
- Multi-epitope vaccines demonstrate potential for activating both B-cell and T-cell responses, leading to prolonged immunological activity.
- These vaccines offer advantages such as chemical stability, non-infectious properties, cost-effective production, and enhanced safety.
- Immunoinformatics studies confirm the efficacy of multi-epitope vaccines in providing comprehensive immune protection against MPXV.
Conclusions:
- Multi-epitope vaccines present a promising, advanced approach to addressing the challenges posed by Monkeypox virus (MPXV) outbreaks.
- These vaccines are expected to elicit strong, broad immune responses, offering improved stability and effectiveness against diverse viral strains.
- Further preclinical and clinical research is essential to fully realize the therapeutic potential of multi-epitope vaccines for monkeypox.
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