A Comprehensive Overview of Quercetin: Chemistry, Analytical Approaches, Formulations, and Therapeutic Approaches

Quercetin is one of the prestigious bioactive flavonoids found in many fruits, vegetables, and grains, which has attracted considerable attention due to its various pharmacological effects and therapeutic potential. Many researchers isolate and extract it by employing various analytical methods because of its manifold pharmacological profile. This paper provides a comprehensive review of quercetin's biological impacts, emphasizing its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, and antihypertensive effects. There are many formulations available in which quercetin is the main ingredient. Its clinical use is frequently limited by inadequate bioavailability and stability. To tackle these challenges, several drug formulations and delivery methods, including nanoparticles and liposome complexes, have been created to improve absorption and effectiveness. The author also discussed that various analytical methods, like high-performance liquid chromatography, are increasingly being employed to characterize quercetin's molecular properties, bioactivity, and interactions with biological targets and sources from which it is obtained. Additionally, the review gives insight into the synthesis of quercetin, with a description of clinical and preclinical trials as well as patents.