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Dedicated delayed intimate partner violence (IPV) screening improves IPV survivor identification.

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Dedicated delayed screening (DDS) for intimate partner violence (IPV) identified more patients than early screening (ES). A two-phase approach combining ES and DDS is recommended for improved IPV detection in hospitals.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Trauma Care
  • Health Services Research

Background:

  • Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a global health crisis with significant physical and mental health consequences.
  • Hospitalized patients experiencing IPV are at risk for recurrent IPV-related hospitalizations.
  • Universal screening for IPV is recommended but faces barriers to consistent, patient-centered implementation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the effectiveness of dedicated delayed screening (DDS) versus early screening (ES) for identifying patients at risk for IPV.
  • To evaluate the hypothesis that DDS identifies more at-risk patients than ES.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study at a level-1 trauma center involving trauma patients aged 15 and older (July 2022-October 2023).
  • Compared standard early screening (ES) administered on arrival with dedicated delayed screening (DDS) administered during tertiary survey.
  • Utilized Fisher's exact test and Mann-Whitney U test for data analysis.

Main Results:

  • DDS screened fewer patients (202) than ES (1414), but detected IPV more frequently (6.3% vs 0.6%).
  • Patients screened by DDS were younger and had longer hospital stays.
  • DDS resulted in over 200% increased identification of IPV compared to ES, with 21 total positive screens.

Conclusions:

  • Dedicated delayed screening (DDS) is more effective at identifying intimate partner violence victims than early screening (ES).
  • Improved compliance with both screening methods is crucial for IPV detection.
  • A two-phase screening approach, starting with ES followed by DDS, is proposed to enhance IPV identification.