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Urinary function changes during pregnancy assessed by frequency volume charts in a prospective longitudinal study.

Ryoko Minami1, Kenichi Kobayashi2, Mika Miyatake3

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Urinary function changes during pregnancy, including increased urine volume and frequency, are linked to fetal position and pelvic support device use. These factors significantly impact voided volumes as pregnancy progresses.

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Urology
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine

Background:

  • Pregnancy significantly alters female physiology, impacting various bodily functions.
  • Urinary conditions and voiding patterns are known to change during gestation.
  • Understanding these changes is crucial for maternal healthcare.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To prospectively evaluate changes in urinary conditions and function throughout pregnancy.
  • To analyze Frequency-Volume Chart (FVC) data from early to late gestation.
  • To identify factors influencing maternal urinary voiding patterns.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study involving pregnant women from June 2021 to May 2023.
  • Participants completed a three-day Frequency-Volume Chart (FVC) at three trimesters: early (14-16 weeks), mid (25-27 weeks), and late (34-36 weeks) gestation.
  • Analysis of FVC data from 24 participants, correlating with fetal position and use of pelvic support devices.

Main Results:

  • A significant increase in 24-hour urine volume was observed, correlating with maternal weight gain in late pregnancy.
  • Both voided volume and urinary frequency were significantly impacted as pregnancy advanced.
  • Fetal position (specifically "Right Occiput Position") and use of pelvic support devices were associated with statistically significant increases in maximum 24-hour and nocturnal voided volumes (p < 0.05).

Conclusions:

  • Pregnancy progression leads to increased 24-hour urine volume and decreased voided volume.
  • Fetal position within the uterus significantly influences maternal urinary voiding patterns.
  • Pelvic support devices also demonstrate a significant impact on maternal voided volumes during pregnancy.