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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 16, 2025

A View of Their Own: Capturing the Egocentric View of Infants and Toddlers with Head-Mounted Cameras
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Familiar faces facilitate perspective-taking in children.

Xuan Wu1, Minjie Wen1, Jie He1

  • 1Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.

British Journal of Psychology (London, England : 1953)
|July 10, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Familiar faces enhance children's perspective-taking skills. Social interaction, not just knowing facts, builds this familiarity and improves social functioning in children.

Keywords:
familiar facesmiddle childhoodperspective‐takingsocial interactionsocially prepared state

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Social Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Adults exhibit increased confidence and interaction with familiar faces.
  • The impact of face familiarity on children's social functioning, particularly perspective-taking, is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how face familiarity affects perspective-taking ability in 9- to 11-year-old children.
  • To determine if the method of developing familiarity (social interaction vs. knowledge learning) influences its effect on perspective-taking.

Main Methods:

  • An adapted Director Task was used to assess perspective-taking.
  • Children's perspective-taking was measured with familiar peers versus strangers.
  • Familiarity was developed through social interaction or person knowledge learning in subsequent studies.

Main Results:

  • Children demonstrated superior perspective-taking abilities when interacting with familiar peers compared to strangers.
  • Familiarity gained through social interaction significantly enhanced children's perspective-taking.
  • Familiarity acquired solely through person knowledge learning did not improve perspective-taking.

Conclusions:

  • Face familiarity plays a crucial role in children's social functioning, specifically in perspective-taking.
  • Social interaction is key to developing beneficial face familiarity for cognitive development.
  • Face familiarity can prime the brain for different social states, influencing social cognition.