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Silk Film Culture System for in vitro Analysis and Biomaterial Design
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Modulation of Secondary Structure, Bioavailability, Immunomodulation, and Tissue Repair Outcomes Using Differential

Shubham Pallod1,2, Weston DeCambra3, Trishita Chowdhury1,4

  • 1Center for Biomaterials Innovation and Translation (CBIT), Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, 501 E. Tyler Mall ECG 303, Tempe, Arizona 85287-6106, United States.

ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering
|July 10, 2025
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Summary

Silk fibroin processing impacts its structure and how it dissolves, affecting immune responses and wound healing. Different treatments yield varied results for biomaterial applications in tissue repair.

Keywords:
polypeptidesilkwound healing

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Immunomodulation

Background:

  • Naturally derived polypeptides, like silk fibroin, are promising biomaterials for health applications.
  • Understanding how silk processing affects its properties and biological interactions is crucial for optimizing its use.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how different processing methods (laser, methanol) influence silk fibroin-indocyanine green (ICG) film structure, bioavailability, and tissue response.
  • To correlate structural changes with immunomodulation and wound healing outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of silk-ICG films with varying processing conditions.
  • Structural characterization using solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS).
  • Evaluation of wound healing in a mouse model, assessing tissue response and immunomodulation.

Main Results:

  • Processing significantly altered silk fibroin's secondary structure (e.g., β-sheet content) and dissolution properties.
  • Methanol-treated films (dissolution-resistant) accelerated early wound closure.
  • As-prepared films (rapidly soluble) promoted granulation tissue deposition and elicited a stronger immune response.

Conclusions:

  • Silk processing methods critically influence secondary structure and bioavailability.
  • Bioavailability and structural characteristics dictate immunomodulation and wound healing efficacy.
  • This study advances the design of silk-based biomaterials for effective tissue repair.