Dynamic of infectious aerosols generated by cough from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis
Taline Canto Tristão1, Mariana Abou Mourad Ferreira1, Pedro Sousa de Almeida Júnior1
1Núcleo de Doenças Infecciosas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 1468 Marechal Campos Avenue 29047-105, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
Abstract:
Tuberculosis (TB) is an ancient disease transmitted through aerosols frequently generated by coughing and it is still unknown whether there is variability in cough aerosol output throughout the day and whether this may impact patients' infectivity categorization. To study the dynamic of infectious aerosols generated by cough, we conducted a cross-sectional study on pulmonary TB patients (n=16) who had their cough-generated aerosols sampled twice daily for two consecutive days for the Cough Aerosol Sampling System (CASS) assay. Most patients were classified as Variable Low Producers and Variable High Producers (n=10; 62.5%), followed by Negative Producers (n = 4; 25%) and Consistent Producers (n = 2; 12.5%). Additionally, most recovered bacilli (88.7 %) within a respiratory aerosol size range. Although the time of collection did not appear to impact on aerosol infectivity, performing CASS with multiple samples allowed for more accurate detection and distinction among aerosol producers.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:29Pulmonary Tuberculosis I
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
01:28Pulmonary Tuberculosis II
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
01:28Pulmonary Tuberculosis V
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
01:31Pulmonary Tuberculosis III
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
01:26Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
01:25Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...