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Related Concept Videos

Human Genetics01:28

Human Genetics

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Human genetics provides a profound framework for understanding the interplay between genetic predispositions and human psychology. At the heart of this discipline lies the study of how genes influence physical traits, behaviors, and susceptibility to diseases. Each person carries a unique genetic code that subtly or significantly shapes their psychological and behavioral landscape.
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...
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The Association between Myopia and Anxiety: A Bidirectional 2-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.

Waihang Wong1, Yimin Qin1, Chi Liu2

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.

Ophthalmology Science
|July 10, 2025
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Summary

Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) may causally increase myopia risk. This study found GAD is linked to more myopic mean spherical equivalent (MSE), but myopia did not appear to cause GAD.

Keywords:
Causal relationshipGeneralized anxiety disorderMendelian randomizationMyopia

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology and Psychiatry
  • Genetic Epidemiology

Background:

  • Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a common mental health condition.
  • Myopia, or nearsightedness, is a growing global health concern.
  • The potential causal relationship between GAD and myopia remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential causal link between generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and myopia using a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) approach.
  • To determine if GAD increases the risk of myopia or if myopia influences the development of GAD.

Main Methods:

  • A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was conducted.
  • Genetic variants associated with GAD and myopia (mean spherical equivalent - MSE) were identified from large-scale genome-wide association studies (FinnGen and UK Biobank).
  • Multiple MR methods, including inverse variance weighted (IVW), were employed, with sensitivity analyses to assess robustness.

Main Results:

  • A significant causal effect of GAD on myopia was observed, indicating individuals with GAD have an elevated risk of more myopic MSE (IVW: β = -0.138, P = 0.001).
  • No significant causal effect of myopia on GAD was detected (IVW: β = -0.017, P = 0.308).
  • Sensitivity analyses confirmed the absence of significant genetic confounding.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides evidence for a causal relationship where generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) may contribute to increased myopia.
  • While the effect size is small, the findings suggest a potential biological link that warrants consideration in clinical settings.
  • Further research could explore the mechanisms underlying this GAD-myopia association, particularly in pediatric populations.