Research progress of adoptive tumor infiltrating lymphocyte therapy for cervical cancer

Cervical cancer ranks as the fourth leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women globally, posing a significant threat to women's health. Immunotherapy has emerged as the fourth line of treatment for cervical cancer, following surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. It is particularly effective for recurrent and/or metastatic cervical cancer, yielding favorable clinical outcomes. Common immunotherapeutic approaches include immune checkpoint inhibitors, adoptive cell therapy, and cervical cancer vaccines. Among these, adoptive cell immunotherapy (ACT) represents an innovative and promising modality that has transformed the field of cancer immunotherapy in recent years. This review will specifically focus on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), examining the principles, limitations, improvement strategies, challenges, and future prospects of TIL-based treatment for cervical cancer. Collectively, these approaches offer a novel theoretical foundation and translational research direction for cervical cancer immunotherapy centered on TIL therapy.