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Updated: May 20, 2026

VIGS-Mediated Forward Genetics Screening for Identification of Genes Involved in Nonhost Resistance
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Pathways to Recovery: Genomics and Resistance Assays for Tree Species Devastated by the Myrtle Rust Pathogen.

Stephanie H Chen1,2,3, Jia-Yee S Yap1,4, Veronica Viler5

  • 1Research Centre for Ecosystem Resilience, Botanic Gardens of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Molecular Ecology
|July 10, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Myrtle rust is devastating native Australian plants. Genetic analysis reveals diversity patterns and identifies rust-resistant individuals in Rhodamnia rubescens, offering hope for conservation through breeding programs.

Keywords:
Austropuccinia psidiiRhodamnia rubescensRhodomyrtus psidioidesconservation genomicsmyrtle rustplant conservation

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Area of Science:

  • Plant pathology
  • Conservation genetics
  • Ecology

Background:

  • Myrtle rust, caused by Austropuccinia psidii, is an invasive pathogen threatening Australian Myrtaceae species.
  • Species like Rhodamnia rubescens and Rhodomyrtus psidioides are experiencing rapid decline due to myrtle rust.
  • Ex situ collections are crucial for preserving the genetic variation of susceptible species.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the genetic diversity of Rhodamnia rubescens and Rhodomyrtus psidioides in response to myrtle rust.
  • To identify potential genetic pathways for the recovery of rust-affected species.
  • To inform conservation strategies and breeding programs for endangered Myrtaceae.

Main Methods:

  • Reduced representation sequencing (DArTseq) and whole-genome resequencing were employed.
  • Analysis of genetic diversity distribution across species' ranges.
  • Experimental assays were conducted to identify rust-resistant individuals.

Main Results:

  • Genetic diversity in both species is structured along a latitudinal gradient.
  • Large historical effective population sizes and low variation in deleterious load were observed.
  • Putatively rust-resistant individuals of Rhodamnia rubescens were identified.

Conclusions:

  • Genetically informed breeding programs offer a viable recovery strategy for myrtle rust-susceptible species.
  • Urgent action is needed to conserve remaining genetic diversity before further losses occur.
  • Understanding genetic variation is key to mitigating the impact of invasive pathogens on native flora.