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Perioperative symptom cluster characteristics and supportive care needs of sellar tumor patients: a cross-sectional
Nuerhuojia Yeernuer1, Pengwei Lu2, Liling Mao1
1School of Nursing, Capital Medical University, No. 10 Xitoutiao, You'anmen Wai Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China.
Objective:
To investigate the current situation of perioperative symptom clusters composition and supportive care needs of sellar tumor patients and to provide new insights into comprehensive nursing care for sellar tumor patients and other brain tumor patients.
Methods:
An observational study was conducted on patients diagnosed with sellar region tumors. A total of 122 sellar tumor patients admitted to CCMU Affiliated Beijing Tiantan Hospital from March to May 2024 were selected. The patients' symptoms and supporting care were evaluated using the M.D. Anderson Inventory Brain Tumor and 34 items of Supportive Care Need Scale. Assessments were conducted at baseline and within 3 days after the surgery. Exploratory factor analysis was used to extract symptom clusters, and Spearman was used to analyze the correlation between symptom severity and supportive care needs.
Results:
The most common and severe preoperative symptoms were visual change (68.0%) and dry mouth (55.7%), mainly manifesting as emotional distress, while the most common and severe postoperative symptoms were pain (94.3%) and dry mouth (94.3%), mainly manifesting as disturbances in general activities, work, and emotion. The cluster analysis of patients' symptoms showed that preoperative symptom clusters included psychological-related symptom cluster and neurological symptom cluster. Postoperative symptom clusters were slightly different, which included psychological-related symptom cluster, gastrointestinal symptom cluster, neurological system symptom cluster, sleep-related symptom cluster, and other symptom cluster. The score of preoperative supportive care needs was (74.8 ± 19.41), and the postoperative supportive care needs was (102.08 ± 14.95). The perioperative supportive care needs were positively correlated with symptom severity of the patients (P < 0.05).
Conclusion:
Sellar tumor patients have multiple symptom clusters and high supportive care needs during the perioperative period. When the patients have a high degree of symptoms, generally, they will have a higher level of supportive care needs. Medical staff should promptly assess patient's symptoms and implement targeted interventions to meet the needs of patients.
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