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Updated: Sep 16, 2025

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Upper vs. lower airways: Microbes shape the local milieu.

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|July 10, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The airway microbiome influences metabolism, with distinct microbial pathways and metabolites found in the upper and lower airways. Oral bacteria like Prevotella melaninogenica produce key metabolites such as inosine and glutamate in the lower airways.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Metabolomics
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • The human airway harbors a complex microbiome.
  • The metabolic activity of airway microbes is not fully understood.
  • Differences in microbial composition and function between upper and lower airways may impact host health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the contribution of the airway microbiome to host metabolism.
  • To identify differential microbial pathways and metabolites in the upper versus lower airways.
  • To explore the role of oral commensals in shaping the lower airway metabolic environment.

Main Methods:

  • Metabolomic analysis of airway samples.
  • Microbiome profiling.
  • Identification of microbial metabolites and pathways.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in microbial metabolic pathways and metabolites were observed between the upper and lower airways.
  • Oral commensals, including Prevotella melaninogenica, were identified as key contributors to the lower airway metabolic milieu.
  • Prevotella melaninogenica was found to synthesize inosine and glutamate in the lower airways.

Conclusions:

  • The airway microbiome plays a significant role in local metabolism.
  • Distinct metabolic functions exist between the upper and lower airway microbiomes.
  • Specific oral commensals contribute to the metabolic landscape of the lower airways through the production of essential metabolites.