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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 16, 2025

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Integrating biocatalysis with continuous flow: current status, challenges, and future perspectives.

Jing Bai1, Chen Huang2, Yunting Liu2

  • 1College of Food Science and Biology, Hebei University of Science & Technology, 26 Yuxiang Street, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang 050018, China.

Journal of Advanced Research
|July 10, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Continuous-flow biocatalysis integrates enzyme efficiency with flow system advantages for chemical synthesis. This review details challenges and strategies for various biocatalysts, proposing future research directions for sustainable processes.

Keywords:
BiocatalysisChemo-enzymatic catalysisContinuous flowMulti-enzymatic catalysisPhoto/electro-enzymatic catalysis

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Area of Science:

  • Biocatalysis
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Sustainable Chemistry

Background:

  • Continuous-flow biocatalysis merges high-activity biocatalysts with efficient flow systems for pharmaceutical and fine chemical synthesis.
  • While progress is notable, specific challenges and strategies for diverse biocatalysts in flow reactions require detailed review.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of implementing various biocatalysts in continuous-flow systems for synthesis.
  • To discuss specific issues and strategies for each biocatalyst category.
  • To propose future research directions, addressing current problems and offering insights for advancing continuous-flow biocatalysis.

Main Methods:

  • Summarized recent advances in continuous-flow biocatalysis based on biocatalyst types: single enzymes, multienzyme, whole-cell, metal-enzymatic, and organo-enzymatic catalysts.
  • Included combinations with photocatalysis and electrocatalysis.
  • Systematically discussed challenges like substrate solubility, oxygen availability, cofactor regeneration, leaching, and incompatibility in cascade reactions.

Main Results:

  • Identified key challenges for diverse biocatalysts in continuous-flow processes.
  • Highlighted strategies such as biphasic systems, self-sufficient biocatalyst design, and fusion-tag mediated bioreactor preparation.
  • Emphasized the need for machine learning and computer-aided optimization for future developments.

Conclusions:

  • Continuous-flow biocatalysis offers significant potential for efficient and sustainable chemical synthesis.
  • Addressing challenges in catalyst stability, regeneration, and integration is crucial for industrial viability.
  • Future research should focus on advanced engineering and computational approaches to optimize cascade systems and minimize enzyme activity loss.