MSH6 as a prognostic biomarker in bladder cancer and its correlation with immunity

This study aims to investigate the role of MSH6 in the diagnosis and prognosis of bladder cancer and its association with immunity. Various analyses were conducted on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data, and the results were validated using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The potential mechanism of MSH6 in bladder cancer was revealed using R tools, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), and Gene Ontology (GO) analysis. Bladder cancer patients admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University from June 2023 to December 2023 were enrolled. Pathological specimens of bladder cancer and adjacent tissues were obtained. Immunohistochemical results showed the expression of MSH6 in bladder cancer tissues was higher than in adjacent tissues. High expression of MSH6 was identified as an independent prognostic factor for bladder cancer. The occurrence of bladder cancer was also influenced by age, pathological T stage, and pathological stage. According to the Kaplan-Meier survival curve, the overall survival rate of the MSH6 high-expression group was lower (P = 0.004). After MSH6 was knocked down in cell experiments, the proliferation, colony formation, and migration abilities of bladder cancer cells were significantly inhibited. MSH6 is significantly associated with the diagnosis and prognosis of bladder cancer, suggesting its potential utility as a biomarker for these purposes. MSH6 is closely related to the tumor immune microenvironment, implying a significant role in immunotherapy.