Nutritional impact symptoms and dietary changes among women in a cancer support network: a qualitative analysis

To examine nutritional impact symptoms and dietary changes experienced by cancer patients in Trinidad, as well as the nutritional support and guidance they received during treatment.

A qualitative study was conducted of 12 adult cancer patients who were diagnosed within the last five years, undergoing treatment and recruited from a non-profit organisation. Participants' experiences with dietary changes and nutritional needs were examined through face-to-face interviews guided by 21 semi-structured questions. Interviews were recorded, transcribed and analysed thematically using Dedoose© software.

Twelve participants were interviewed, from which three major themes emerged: Nutrition Impact Symptoms (NIS), Dietary Changes, and Lack of Information. Participants experienced a combination of symptoms during treatment: nausea, metallic taste, constipation, fatigue, and loss of appetite, taste and smell. Dietary changes included the introduction of new foods and the decrease or eliminations of others, portion sizes and meal frequency. Intake restrictions were also noted for flour, sugar, processed foods, artificially flavoured foods/beverages, and meats (chicken, beef and pork). Limited information and dietary guidance were received from healthcare professionals; participants relied on personal research, information from other cancer patients and support groups.

There is a need for capacity-building initiatives that train healthcare professionals to deliver appropriate nutritional guidance. Efforts are needed to integrate dietary education into public health initiatives which could empower patients and caregivers to make informed decisions about nutrition during treatment.