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The Mirror of Erised: a retrospective population-wide study of Czech all-cause mortality data by COVID-19 vaccination

Ondrej Vencalek1, Tomas Furst1, Elizabeth Princova2

  • 1Department of Mathematical Analysis and Application of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, 17. listopadu 1192/12, Olomouc, 779 00, Czech Republic.

BMC Public Health
|July 10, 2025
PubMed
Abstract

Keywords:
All-cause mortalityCOVID-19Healthy user biasHealthy vaccinee effectIndividual-level dataVaccination statusVaccine effectiveness

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