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Single-Cell Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Hair Cell-Specific Molecular Responses to Polystyrene Nanoplastics in a

Hyeon Mi Sung1,2, Seok Hyun Kim3, Eun Jung Kwon4

  • 1Institute For Future Earth, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.

Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry
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Summary

Polystyrene nanoplastics (PSNPs) exposure in zebrafish embryos altered cell proportions and gene expression, activating defensive mechanisms. These findings highlight subtle molecular responses to nanoplastics in aquatic ecosystems.

Keywords:
PSNPhair cellnanoplasticssingle‐cell RNA sequencingzebrafish embryos

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Toxicology
  • Aquatic Ecotoxicology
  • Nanotoxicology

Background:

  • Polystyrene nanoplastics (PSNPs) are widespread environmental pollutants.
  • Their properties facilitate penetration into biological tissues, potentially causing toxic effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the physiological and molecular effects of PSNPs on zebrafish embryos.
  • To understand the cellular and gene expression responses to nanoplastic exposure.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized single-cell RNA sequencing and phenotypic analyses.
  • Exposed zebrafish embryos to environmentally relevant concentrations of PSNPs.
  • Validated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in vivo.

Main Results:

  • No significant changes in zebrafish embryo survival or overt phenotypes were observed.
  • PSNP exposure altered cell type proportions and gene expression patterns.
  • Upregulation of genes involved in extracellular matrix remodeling, immune regulation, and tissue repair was detected.

Conclusions:

  • PSNPs trigger defensive and reparative cellular mechanisms in zebrafish embryos.
  • Subtle molecular and cellular responses to nanoplastics are critical for ecological risk assessment.
  • Further research is needed to fully understand the long-term impacts of nanoplastics on aquatic ecosystems.