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Updated: May 7, 2026

Induction and Clinical Scoring of Chronic-Relapsing Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
Published on: July 4, 2007
Anti-LGI1 antibody-positive autoimmune encephalitis concurrent with neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus
Atsuhiko Sunaga1, Takashi Kida1, Shunsuke Fujieda1
1Inflammation and Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
Abstract:
Anti-leucine-rich glioma-inactivated protein 1 (LGI1) antibody-positive limbic encephalitis is a form of autoimmune encephalitis (AE). The importance of anti-LGI1 antibody in neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) remains unclear. We present a 65-year-old woman with amnesia and disorientation, positive anti-LGI1 and anti-Smith antibodies, hyponatremia, leukopenia, and hypocomplementemia. Magnetic resonance imaging findings were consistent with limbic encephalitis and cervical myelitis. She was diagnosed with NPSLE with anti-LGI1-positive AE. High-dose glucocorticoids and intravenous cyclophosphamide led to sustained remission. This case suggests that NPSLE may coexist with anti-LGI1-positive AE, highlighting the potential importance of anti-LGI1 antibody testing in NPSLE and expanding the management of AE.
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