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Risk Factors of Secondary Traumatic Stress: A Scoping Review.

Natalie Tracy1, Julie K Zadinsky2

  • 1Berry College, Rome, Georgia.

Journal of Advanced Nursing
|July 11, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Workplace factors significantly contribute to secondary traumatic stress (STS) in healthcare workers, including workload and burnout. Employers and staff can mitigate these risks.

Keywords:
healthcare workersnursingrisk factorssecondary traumatic stresswell‐being

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health
  • Psychology
  • Healthcare Management

Background:

  • Secondary traumatic stress (STS) is a significant concern for healthcare workers.
  • Understanding risk factors is crucial for developing effective support strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize current knowledge on the risk factors associated with secondary traumatic stress (STS) in healthcare professionals.
  • To identify key themes contributing to STS in this population.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive scoping literature review was conducted.
  • Searches were performed in CINAHL, PubMed, and PsycInfo databases for studies published between January 2014 and May 2024.
  • The review followed PRISMA-ScR guidelines and utilized the Arksey and O'Malley framework.

Main Results:

  • Three primary themes emerged: personal history and support, workplace influences, and high-stress healthcare environments.
  • Workplace factors, such as increased workload, low job satisfaction, and high burnout, were identified as significant contributors to STS.
  • Personal history and support mechanisms also play a role in an individual's susceptibility to STS.

Conclusions:

  • Workplace influences are the most significant risk factor for STS in healthcare workers.
  • Healthcare employers must address environmental factors to mitigate STS.
  • Healthcare workers can utilize this knowledge to identify and manage modifiable risk factors for STS.