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The anterior neck muscles are the group of muscles covering the front part of the neck. These muscles are classified into three subgroups. The first one is the superficial muscles, the most visible muscles in the front of the neck. It includes the platysma and sternocleidomastoid. The second group is the suprahyoid muscles, located above the hyoid bone. This group comprises the digastric, mylohyoid, geniohyoid, and stylohyoid. Lastly, the infrahyoid muscles are found below the hyoid bone and...
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The muscles that move the head are a dynamic and complex group of structures that work together to facilitate a wide range of head movements, including rotation, flexion, extension, and lateral bending.
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Exercise significantly impacts cardiovascular response, which is crucial for understanding patient health and designing effective treatment plans.
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Chest Physiotherapy (CPT) is a therapeutic technique used in respiratory care to improve ventilation, clear bronchial secretions, and enhance the efficiency of respiratory muscles. This therapy includes three primary procedures: postural drainage, percussion, and vibration. It can be performed on spontaneously breathing patients and those who are intubated and mechanically ventilated.
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Warm Moxibustion and Scraping as a Traditional Chinese Medicine Therapy for Cervical Spondylosis Treatment
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Exercise Training and Neck Pain in Fighter Pilots.

Anthony Acevedo, Zachary Zeigler

    Aerospace Medicine and Human Performance
    |July 11, 2025
    PubMed
    Summary

    Exercise programs show potential for improving neck muscle function in fighter pilots experiencing pain due to high gravitational forces. Supervised training and deep cervical muscle focus yielded better results, though overall pain reduction varied.

    Keywords:
    gravitational forcesmilitaryneck strength training

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    Area of Science:

    • Aerospace Medicine
    • Musculoskeletal Health
    • Exercise Physiology

    Background:

    • Fighter pilots face significant physical stress from high G-forces, leading to a high incidence of neck pain.
    • Biomechanical loads and operational demands necessitate targeted interventions for neck pain in this population.
    • Exercise training is a potential strategy to alleviate neck pain and enhance musculoskeletal resilience.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To systematically review the effectiveness of exercise interventions for neck pain in fighter pilots.
    • To identify research gaps in the current literature regarding exercise and fighter pilot neck pain.
    • To evaluate the impact of different exercise modalities on neck pain and muscle function.

    Main Methods:

    • A PRISMA-guided systematic review of randomized controlled trials and longitudinal studies.
    • Searched major databases (PubMed, Cochrane, DTIC, Web of Science) using relevant keywords.
    • Included 5 studies with 199 participants, assessed by two independent reviewers.

    Main Results:

    • Mixed findings on pain reduction: 3 studies reported significant reduction, 2 found no significant change.
    • Supervised programs and deep cervical muscle training showed more consistent positive outcomes.
    • All studies observed improvements in neck muscle strength and endurance; compliance was higher in supervised programs.

    Conclusions:

    • Exercise interventions, especially strength and endurance training, can enhance neck muscle function in fighter pilots.
    • Varied methodologies, small sample sizes, and inconsistent pain reduction limit generalizability.
    • Future research needs standardized definitions and robust methods for tailored exercise protocols.