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Objective and Subjective Workload of Remote and Physical Tower Controllers.
Aerospace Medicine and Human Performance
|July 11, 2025
Summary
Remote tower systems show comparable safety to traditional towers, with no significant increase in controller workload. Objective and subjective measures indicate similar operational performance between the two air traffic control modes.
Area of Science:
- Aviation Human Factors
- Air Traffic Management
Background:
- Remote tower systems offer solutions to civil aviation challenges.
- Ensuring the safety of remote tower operations is a primary concern.
- Human factors analysis is crucial for evaluating remote tower system safety.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze controller workload in remote tower systems.
- To compare workload between remote and traditional physical towers.
- To evaluate the safety implications of remote tower operations.
Main Methods:
- Selected front-line controllers for control command tasks.
- Utilized two control modes: traditional physical and remote tower.
- Collected and analyzed heart rate variability and NASA-Task Load Index data.
Main Results:
- No significant differences in heart rate variability indexes (SDNN, RMSSD, PNN50) between control modes.
- No significant differences in NASA-Task Load Index data between control modes.
- Significant positive correlations observed among SDNN, RMSSD, and PNN50 indexes.
Conclusions:
- Remote tower control did not increase controller workload compared to traditional towers.
- Objective and subjective workload assessments suggest comparable safety.
- Remote tower operations appear operationally safe, similar to traditional physical towers.
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