[The Spectrum of zoophilic dermatophytes]

Zoophilic dermatophytes are fungi that mainly infect animals, but can also be transmitted to humans. Transmission usually occurs through direct contact with infected animals or contaminated materials such as animal hair, blankets or brushes. Zoophilic dermatophytes cause classic symptoms of tinea infections in humans: ring-shaped, reddened skin lesions with scaly edges and central paling. The inflammatory reaction is usually stronger with zoophilic pathogens than with anthropophilic fungi because the human defense system recognizes them as foreign more clearly. Children, animal owners, farmers or veterinarians are affected most frequently. Diagnosis is made by microscopic examination and fungal culture, and molecular diagnostics if necessary. Treatment requires topical antimycotics and in case of extensive or deep infections additional systemic therapy, e.g., with terbinafine or itraconazole. Simultaneous treatment of the infected animal and prevention of transmission is crucial to prevent reinfection. Hygiene measures and education are key prevention strategies.