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Segmental vascular changes in the femoral head in children and adults

A B Ferguson

    Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research
    |November 1, 1985
    PubMed

    Insights

    Avascular necrosis of the femoral head in children and adults shares similar segmental patterns. Trauma causing vascular interruption in the femoral head likely explains the affected avascular segment.

    Area of Science:

    • Orthopedics
    • Vascular Biology
    • Pediatric Orthopedics

    Background:

    • Avascular involvement of the femoral head shows similar segmental patterns in children and adults.
    • Infantile avascular necrosis can be misdiagnosed due to irregular ossification from altered stress.
    • Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease affects a segment supplied by the lateral epiphyseal artery.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the segmental nature of avascular involvement in the femoral head.
    • To explore the role of vascular interruption in femoral head avascular necrosis.
    • To understand the underlying mechanisms of avascular segments in the femoral head.

    Main Methods:

    • Micro-injection techniques to demonstrate vascular interruption.
    • Finite element analysis of the femoral head.
    • Review of roentgenographic findings in infancy and childhood.

    Main Results:

    • Similar segmental avascular involvement observed in both pediatric and adult femoral heads.
    • Demonstrated vascular interruption in the femoral head using micro-injection.
    • Finite analysis revealed computer model distortion at the lateral epiphyseal artery branches.

    Conclusions:

    • Trauma leading to vascular interruption within the femoral head is a likely cause of avascular segments.
    • Understanding the vascular supply is crucial for diagnosing and managing femoral head avascular necrosis.
    • The segmental pattern of avascular necrosis is consistent across age groups.

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