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Instructions from an Active Robotic Hand Increase Body Ownership and Task Clarity.

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    A novel 3D-printed robotic hand improves remote rehabilitation by enhancing embodiment and memory retention for exercises. This low-cost device offers a promising tool for physical therapy and stroke recovery.

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    Area of Science:

    • Rehabilitation Engineering
    • Human-Computer Interaction
    • Robotics

    Background:

    • Home-based rehabilitation requires effective instruction methods.
    • Current methods like video demonstrations may lack engagement and personalization.
    • Improving patient embodiment and memory retention is crucial for successful rehabilitation outcomes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce a low-cost, 3D-printed robotic hand for delivering rehabilitation exercise instructions.
    • To evaluate the sense of embodiment experienced by users interacting with the robotic hand.
    • To compare the effectiveness of robotic hand instructions versus video instructions on memory retention of exercises.

    Main Methods:

    • Developed an inexpensive 3D-printed robotic hand controlled by open-source computer vision.
    • Conducted two within-subject crossover studies with 30 healthy participants.
    • Assessed embodiment and compared short-term memory retention of movement sequences between robotic and video instructions.

    Main Results:

    • Participants reported a higher sense of embodiment with the active robotic hand.
    • Significantly better short-term memory retention for medium and difficult finger movements was observed with robotic hand instruction compared to video.
    • Statistical significance was achieved for memory retention ($F_{1,56}=4.047, p<.05$ and $F_{1,56}=19.463, p<.05$).

    Conclusions:

    • The 3D-printed robotic hand is a viable tool for delivering rehabilitation exercise instructions.
    • This technology can enhance user embodiment and improve memory retention for rehabilitation exercises.
    • The findings suggest potential for improving remote therapy and strengthening bodily ownership in rehabilitation, particularly for stroke patients.