Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Covalently Linked Protein Regulators02:04

Covalently Linked Protein Regulators

7.3K
Proteins can undergo many types of post-translational modifications, often in response to changes in their environment. These modifications play an important role in the function and stability of these proteins. Covalently linked molecules include functional groups, such as methyl, acetyl, and phosphate groups, and also small proteins, such as ubiquitin. There are around 200 different types of covalent regulators that have been identified.
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein....
7.3K
Regulated Protein Degradation02:58

Regulated Protein Degradation

7.7K
It is vital to regulate the activity of enzymatic as well as non-enzymatic proteins inside the cell. This can be achieved either through creating a balance between their rate of synthesis and degradation or regulating the intrinsic activity of the protein. Both these regulation mechanisms play an essential role in the normal functioning of cells.
Protein degradation plays two important roles in the cells. It helps to protect cells from misfolded or damaged proteins before they lead to a...
7.7K
Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

1.0K
The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
1.0K
The Proteasome01:13

The Proteasome

1.2K
Eukaryotic cells can degrade proteins through several pathways. One of the most important among these is the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. It helps the cell eliminate the misfolded, damaged, or unwarranted cytoplasmic proteins in a highly specific manner.
In this pathway, the target proteins are first tagged with small proteins called ubiquitin. This involves participation of a series of enzymes including— E1 (ubiquitin-activating enzyme), E2 (ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme), and E3...
1.2K
Anaphase Promoting Complex00:50

Anaphase Promoting Complex

3.0K
The stepwise destruction of specific proteins is necessary for the progression and completion of the cell cycle. Such proteins are ubiquitinated by ubiquitin ligases and then subsequently destroyed by the proteasome. The SCF (Skp1/Cullin/F-box) and the anaphase-promoting complex (APC) are two important ubiquitin ligases involved in cell cycle progression. While SCF is active throughout the cell cycle, APC gets activated during metaphase to anaphase transition. Cdc20 or Cdh1 binds to APC and...
3.0K
ER Retrieval Pathway01:45

ER Retrieval Pathway

3.9K
In the secretory pathway, vesicles transport proteins from one cellular compartment to another in forward transport to deliver the protein to its correct location. Occasionally, misfolded proteins and incorrect proteins escape their original compartments, and a retrieval pathway is used to return the escaped proteins to their original compartment.
The ER uses many checkpoints to prevent the entry of incorrectly folded or a resident protein as cargo onto a transport vesicle. These mechanisms...
3.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Impaired motor activity in a CRISPR SCA5 L253P knock-in mouse is associated with selective β-III-spectrin subcellular redistribution in the cerebellum.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Differential <i>SP4</i> expression and HSP60 abundance in buccal swabs from patients with schizophrenia.

Science advances·2026
Same author

Electrospun gelatin/hyaluronic acid nanofibers as a platform for uric acid delivery to neural tissue.

Biotechnology progress·2024
Same author

Valacyclovir and Acyclovir Are Substrates of the Guanine Deaminase Cytosolic PSD-95 Interactor (Cypin).

Proteins·2024
Same author

Overexpression of α-Klotho isoforms promotes distinct Effects on BDNF-Induced Alterations in Dendritic Morphology.

Molecular neurobiology·2024
Same author

Cypin Inhibition as a Therapeutic Approach to Treat Spinal Cord Injury-Induced Mechanical Pain.

eNeuro·2024
Same journal

Taphonomic analysis at Liang Bua reveals the behavioral and technological capabilities of <i>Homo floresiensis</i>.

Science advances·2026
Same journal

Targeting granule initiation and amyloplast structure to create giant starch granules in wheat.

Science advances·2026
Same journal

A meta-analysis of carbon losses and gains from tropical moist forest degradation and regeneration.

Science advances·2026
Same journal

Ancient DNA reveals elite dynastic rule among Iron Age Eurasian Steppe nomads.

Science advances·2026
Same journal

Targeting astrocytic Dp71 attenuates BBB disruption after traumatic brain injury through WTAP-associated m<sup>6</sup>A regulation of MMP2.

Science advances·2026
Same journal

Pancreatic α cells are required for nutrient homeostasis by regulating dynamic β cell networks in islets.

Science advances·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 16, 2025

In Vitro Analysis of E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Function
06:06

In Vitro Analysis of E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Function

Published on: May 14, 2021

5.4K

Cypin regulates K63-linked polyubiquitination to shape synaptic content.

Srinivasa R Gandu1,2, Ana R Rodriguez3, Jared Lamp4

  • 1Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA.

Science Advances
|July 11, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The study reveals how K63-polyubiquitin (K63-polyUb) modification, mediated by cypin, regulates synaptic function. This protein modification impacts both sides of the synapse, offering new insights into neuronal signaling mechanisms.

More Related Videos

In Vitro Ubiquitination and Deubiquitination Assays of Nucleosomal Histones
11:36

In Vitro Ubiquitination and Deubiquitination Assays of Nucleosomal Histones

Published on: July 25, 2019

10.9K
Quantifying Subcellular Ubiquitin-proteasome Activity in the Rodent Brain
09:25

Quantifying Subcellular Ubiquitin-proteasome Activity in the Rodent Brain

Published on: May 21, 2019

6.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 16, 2025

In Vitro Analysis of E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Function
06:06

In Vitro Analysis of E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Function

Published on: May 14, 2021

5.4K
In Vitro Ubiquitination and Deubiquitination Assays of Nucleosomal Histones
11:36

In Vitro Ubiquitination and Deubiquitination Assays of Nucleosomal Histones

Published on: July 25, 2019

10.9K
Quantifying Subcellular Ubiquitin-proteasome Activity in the Rodent Brain
09:25

Quantifying Subcellular Ubiquitin-proteasome Activity in the Rodent Brain

Published on: May 21, 2019

6.8K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Protein posttranslational modifications are crucial for synaptic site targeting.
  • Polyubiquitination, particularly K63-polyubiquitin (K63-polyUb) linkages, has known roles in signal transduction but its function in neuronal signaling is underexplored.
  • The cytosolic protein cypin, an interactor of PSD-95, is investigated for its role in synaptic regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of cypin-promoted K63-polyubiquitination in regulating synaptic content and function.
  • To explore the impact of K63-polyubiquitination on both pre- and postsynaptic compartments.
  • To elucidate novel mechanisms of neuronal signaling during development and in adult brains.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro neuronal development studies.
  • In vivo studies using adult mice.
  • Identification of cypin-mediated K63-polyubiquitination on postsynaptic proteins.

Main Results:

  • Cypin promotes K63-polyubiquitination on postsynaptic proteins.
  • Cypin plays a significant role in presynaptic function.
  • Cypin-mediated alterations in K63-polyubiquitination affect synaptic content and function bilaterally.

Conclusions:

  • Cypin-promoted K63-polyubiquitination is a key regulator of synaptic content and function.
  • This regulation occurs on both the pre- and postsynaptic sides of the synapse.
  • The findings provide new insights into the fundamental mechanisms of neuronal signaling and synaptic plasticity.