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Related Concept Videos

Randomized Experiments01:13

Randomized Experiments

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The randomization process involves assigning study participants randomly to experimental or control groups based on their probability of being equally assigned. Randomization is meant to eliminate selection bias and balance known and unknown confounding factors so that the control group is similar to the treatment group as much as possible. A computer program and a random number generator can be used to assign participants to groups in a way that minimizes bias.
Simple randomization
Simple...
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Group Design02:01

Group Design

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The most basic experimental design involves two groups: the experimental group and the control group. The two groups are designed to be the same except for one difference— experimental manipulation. The experimental group gets the experimental manipulation—that is, the treatment or variable being tested—and the control group does not. Since experimental manipulation is the only difference between the experimental and control groups, we can be sure that any differences between...
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Random Sampling Method01:09

Random Sampling Method

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Sampling is a technique to select a portion (or subset) of the larger population and study that portion (the sample) to gain information about the population. Data are the result of sampling from a population. The sampling method ensures that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population. Because measuring the entire population in a study is not practical, researchers use samples to represent the population of interest. Among the various sampling methods used by...
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Bias01:22

Bias

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Bias refers to any tendency that prevents a question from being considered unprejudiced. In research, bias occurs when one outcome or answer is selected or encouraged over others in sampling or testing. Bias can occur during any research phase, including study design, data collection, analysis, and publication.
In statistics, a sampling bias is created when a sample is collected from a population, and some members of the population are not as likely to be chosen as others (remember, each member...
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Blind Procedures02:07

Blind Procedures

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Ideally, the people who observe and record the children’s behavior are unaware of who was assigned to the experimental or control group, in order to control for experimenter bias. Experimenter bias refers to the possibility that a researcher’s expectations might skew the results of the study. Remember, conducting an experiment requires a lot of planning, and the people involved in the research project have a vested interest in supporting their hypotheses. If the observers knew which...
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Surveys02:16

Surveys

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Often, psychologists develop surveys as a means of gathering data. Surveys are lists of questions to be answered by research participants, and can be delivered as paper-and-pencil questionnaires, administered electronically, or conducted verbally. Generally, the survey itself can be completed in a short time, and the ease of administering a survey makes it easy to collect data from a large number of people.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 16, 2025

The Joint Effect of Social Comparison and Social Distance on Evaluation of Intertemporal Choice Outcomes in Event-related Potential Studies
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The Joint Effect of Social Comparison and Social Distance on Evaluation of Intertemporal Choice Outcomes in Event-related Potential Studies

Published on: August 25, 2023

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Reply to: Random Assignment, But Without Comparison: A Missed Opportunity

Dewi Vernerey1, Jean-Baptiste Bachet1, Antonio Sa Cunha1

  • 1Dewi Vernerey, PhD, Methodology and Quality of Life in Oncology Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, Besançon, France, Université Marie et Louis Pasteur, EFS, INSERM UMR1098 RIGHT, Besançon, France; Jean-Baptiste Bachet, MD, PhD, Sorbonne University, Hepatogastroenterology and Digestive Oncology Department, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, APHP, Paris, France; Antonio Sa Cunha, MD, PhD, Paris Saclay University, Centre Hépato-Biliaire, Department of HPB Surgery and Transplantation, Paul Brousse Hospital, APHP, Villejuif, France; and Lilian Schwarz, MD, PhD, Rouen University Hospital, Department of Digestive Surgery, Rouen, France, Normandie University, UNIROUEN, UMR 1245 INSERM, Rouen University Hospital, Department of Genomic and Personalized Medicine in Cancer and Neurological Disorders, Rouen, France.

Journal of Clinical Oncology : Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology
|July 11, 2025
PubMed
Summary

No abstract available in PubMed .

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